{"id":1875,"date":"2021-05-24T10:46:37","date_gmt":"2021-05-24T10:46:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/?p=1875"},"modified":"2021-06-03T18:09:15","modified_gmt":"2021-06-03T18:09:15","slug":"metal-foil-resistors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/","title":{"rendered":"Metal Foil Resistors"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-1838\" src=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-1024x119.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-980x114.png 980w, https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-480x56.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-1876\" src=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/tolerance_wirewound-1024x387.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/tolerance_wirewound-980x370.jpg 980w, https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/tolerance_wirewound-480x181.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Metal foil resistors offer unmatched performance for the highest precision applications, without compromising on accuracy, stability or speed. They are constructed by adhering a metal alloy foil, usually nickel\/chromium (Nichrome) with some additives,to a ceramic base. Typically this foil is a few microns thick. A pattern is then photo-etched into the foil to trim the resistance to the correct value. Foil resistors can be made in chip\/SMD or leaded\/through-hole packaging.<\/p>\n<p>Compared to other resistor technologies, foil offers low TCR, the best long-term stability of all resistor technologies, non-inductance, ESD immunity, low capacitance, fast thermal stabilization, and low noise. For example, Riedon\u2019s UHPL series of through-hole foil resistors achieves tolerance of \u00b10.005%, a TCR of \u00b12ppm\/\u00b0C and a load life stability of \u00b10.005%. Meanwhile, the ultra-high precision, surface mount UHPC series achieves an extremely low TCR of \u00b10.05ppm with a power coefficient of 5ppm\/W at rated power and a load life stability of \u00b10.005%.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Temperature <\/strong><strong>Coefficient of Resistance<\/strong> <\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Low TCR is one of the foil\u2019s most important properties for applications like precision analog circuits that require tight temperature stability. This is down to the properties of the foil itself; as the temperature rises, the resistance of the foil rises, but the temperature increase also causes compressive stress on the foil (due to differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the foil and the base), which reduces the foil\u2019s resistance. Overall, the balance of the two effects leads to a very stable resistor. TCRs of \u00b10.05ppm\/\u00b0C or less are available with today\u2019s technology, such as Riedon\u2019s USR 2-0808 series. Foil products also exhibit a low power coefficient of resistance, that is, they exhibit low self-heating due to the power they dissipate, which adds to their temperature stability.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Thermal Stabilization<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Thermal stabilization is a measure of how quickly the device\u2019s resistance stabilizes when exposed to a change in temperature, whether that\u2019s a result of ambient temperature changes or self-heating due to an increase in power dissipation. This is important in precision circuits which require the highest possible stability. Foil resistors are a clear winner over other technologies in this case, stabilizing within a few seconds, while other technologies\u2019 response is in the order of minutes.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Response Time<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>As well as temperature-related effects, the nature of foil resistors means they also have minimal parasitic inductance and capacitance. This is critical in circuits that rely on high-speed signals as any unwanted inductance and capacitance distort and degrade the signal. Compared to wirewound resistors, which are in essence a coil of wire and therefore have a parasitic inductance, the patterned metal foil that foil resistors use is all in one plane. The foil patterns are also specially designed to mitigate any parasitic reactance; S-shaped or zig-zag patterns mean current in adjacent wires flows in different directions. A good design can replicate pulses as short as a few nanoseconds on the output. Foil resistors are therefore suitable for high-frequency applications.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Applications<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Applications for foil resistors include anywhere that high precision and excellent long-term stability is required, including high precision instrumentation and differential amplifiers. They are popular in audio circuits since the increasing demand for sound integrity places noise restrictions on components in order to preserve signal integrity. Medical devices, automated test equipment, current sensing and weighing systems commonly use foil resistors.<\/p>\n<p>They also suit military and aerospace applications, extreme environments such as downhole drilling and the industrial sector.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Continue to Chapter 5<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/power-and-heat-sink-dimensioning\/\"><strong>Power and Heat Sink Dimensioning<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Metal foil resistors offer unmatched performance for the highest precision applications, without compromising on accuracy, stability or speed. They are constructed by adhering a metal alloy foil, usually nickel\/chromium (Nichrome) with some additives,to a ceramic base. Typically this foil is a few microns thick. A pattern is then photo-etched into the foil to trim the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1875","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-resistors"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Metal Foil Resistors - Riedon Company Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Metal Foil Resistors - Riedon Company Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Metal foil resistors offer unmatched performance for the highest precision applications, without compromising on accuracy, stability or speed. They are constructed by adhering a metal alloy foil, usually nickel\/chromium (Nichrome) with some additives,to a ceramic base. Typically this foil is a few microns thick. A pattern is then photo-etched into the foil to trim the [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Riedon Company Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-05-24T10:46:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-06-03T18:09:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-1024x119.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Frida Hovsepian\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Frida Hovsepian\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/\",\"name\":\"Metal Foil Resistors - Riedon Company Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-1024x119.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-24T10:46:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-06-03T18:09:15+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/aefbc2f2d2d316159417534612d6dbce\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4.png\",\"width\":2552,\"height\":297},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Metal Foil Resistors\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Riedon Company Blog\",\"description\":\"Resistors industry blog for manufacturers that use resistors\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/aefbc2f2d2d316159417534612d6dbce\",\"name\":\"Frida Hovsepian\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ec2db7b9597d0e8d9b6aaadb6882b301?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ec2db7b9597d0e8d9b6aaadb6882b301?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Frida Hovsepian\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.riedon.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/author\/friedahovsepian\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Metal Foil Resistors - Riedon Company Blog","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Metal Foil Resistors - Riedon Company Blog","og_description":"Metal foil resistors offer unmatched performance for the highest precision applications, without compromising on accuracy, stability or speed. They are constructed by adhering a metal alloy foil, usually nickel\/chromium (Nichrome) with some additives,to a ceramic base. Typically this foil is a few microns thick. A pattern is then photo-etched into the foil to trim the [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/","og_site_name":"Riedon Company Blog","article_published_time":"2021-05-24T10:46:37+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-06-03T18:09:15+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-1024x119.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Frida Hovsepian","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Frida Hovsepian","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/","url":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/","name":"Metal Foil Resistors - Riedon Company Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4-1024x119.png","datePublished":"2021-05-24T10:46:37+00:00","dateModified":"2021-06-03T18:09:15+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/aefbc2f2d2d316159417534612d6dbce"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/C4.png","width":2552,"height":297},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/metal-foil-resistors\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Metal Foil Resistors"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/","name":"Riedon Company Blog","description":"Resistors industry blog for manufacturers that use resistors","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/aefbc2f2d2d316159417534612d6dbce","name":"Frida Hovsepian","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ec2db7b9597d0e8d9b6aaadb6882b301?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ec2db7b9597d0e8d9b6aaadb6882b301?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Frida Hovsepian"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.riedon.com"],"url":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/author\/friedahovsepian\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1875"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1875"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1875\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1938,"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1875\/revisions\/1938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1875"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1875"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riedon.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1875"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}